We’ve all heard that the moon keeps a single face toward Earth. The light areas of the M oon are known as the highlands. Sign up. The moon has highlands areas which approach the height of mountains on Earth: t: The very large lava covered areas of the moon are called Maria: t: Rayed craters on the moon such as Copernicus formed during an intense early period of bombardment? Also, Mercury has a weak magnetic field, unlike the Moon which suggests the presence of some liquid core present in it. (See Orbits and Gravity for the formula to use.) The Moon’s geological features. The major surface features on the Moon are craters, highlands and maria. The Moon evolved to this location only ~106 years after accretion (SOM) and was certainly too hot and its lithosphere too thin to retain such a bulge. Physics & Astronomy. This is a list of maria (large, dark, basaltic plains) on the Moon.It includes other basaltic plains, including the one oceanus as well as features known by the names lacus, palus and sinus.The modern system of lunar nomenclature was introduced in 1651 by Giovanni Battista Riccioli. 3. A comprehensive database of more than 25 moon quizzes online, test your knowledge with moon quiz questions. At its closest approach to the Earth, the Moon is 363,000 km away. how do the sizes of Earth, Venus, and Mars compare? shape) it is. This means Jupiter spins nearly upright so that the planet, as well as Europa and Jupiter’s other dozens of moons, do not have seasons as extreme as other planets do. Early telescope users thought these … How steep are its slopes? The landing sites for the Apollo missions were selected in order to sample two geologically distinct areas of the Moon: the lunar highlands and the lunar maria. The French Revolution Had More Phases Than The Moon! Big Island of Hawaii Mars's Olympus Mons Smooth surface of the lunar maria: Term. - mars-sized object collides with earth. It is analogous to the field of terrestrial geology.In planetary science, the term geology is used in its broadest sense to mean the study of the solid parts of planets and moons. b. lower and older. Though the moon does rotate around its axis, the speed with which it completes these revolutions match the amount of time it takes to orbit around the Earth, leading the same side to be faced toward Earth at all times. Anorthosite fragments in the highlands and basaltic in the maria . The dark regions (the Maria) are lowlands that were filled in by molten mantle material (lava) about 3.5 billion years ago. This graphic (not to scale) shows that the moon’s crust is thickest on the central far side, and becomes thinner towards the north pole in a manner described with a simple math formula. Pretty much any tiny dent made on the Moon’s surface is going to stay there. 1. 1When Newton calculated the magnitude of the acceleration of Earth™s Moon, and compared it to the acceleration of falling objects on the surface of the Earth, he found that a. The nearside that faces us all the time is low in altitude, flat and dark in colour, whereas the farside is mountainous and deeply cratered. When the Voyager 1 spacecraft reached the edge of our solar system in 1990, it turned its camera around and photographed Earth. This process takes a about month, meaning the moon's days are as … From Earth, the lunar highlands … Just as the discovery of water on the moon transformed our textbook knowledge of Earth's nearest celestial neighbor, recent studies confirm that our moon does indeed have an atmosphere consisting of some unusual gases, including sodium and potassium, which are not found in the atmospheres of Earth, Mars or Venus. The youngest extensive stratigraphic units dated by isotopic methods are the mare basalts, which range in age from about 3.3 to 3.8 billion years. Surface features. For comparison, as we saw in the chapter on Earth, Moon, and Sky, both Earth and the Moon were formed between 4.5 and 4.6 billion years ago. Flashcards. There are many more craters on the Moon than on Earth. This famous image of Earth is named the Pale Blue Dot. • The Moon’s highlands are light colored regions near the lunar poles. The far side, which cannot be viewed from the Earth, and has only been photographed by a few space probes, is almost free of maria. study-set. They were dubbed maria, Latin for “seas”, by early astronomers who mistook them for actual seas. Predominantly degree-2 crustal-thickness variations similar to those in the DTT may arise in tidally heated satellites with … However, the lunar highlands differ from the lunar lowlands mainly in their concentrations of the metal oxides. - the moon forms out of rocky debris ejected from earth during the collision. The Moon™s acceleration was smaller. When the Moon is up in the evening, observe what phase (or . 12 The temperature on Jupiter is a. Day 7: Maria. Her grandmother points out a star called Rigel Kentaurus, which she says is one of the closest stars to our solar system. that formed maria to reach. This is evidence that: a. STUDY. The densest minerals such as iron and magnesium silicates crystallized and sank after the cooling of the magma ocean. Sort the following characteristics by whether they describe the maria or the highlands. b. phases. It's an infinitesimal amount of air when compared to Earth's atmosphere… The Moon™s acceleration was larger. Conclusion: Therefore, the comparison between the composition of the Moon with Earth and Mercury is as mentioned above. Start studying Earth and Moon Test. They are less reflective than the “highlands” as a result of their iron-rich composition, and hence appear dark to the naked eye. Anorthosite is an igneous rock that forms when lava cools very slowly. 1. The Far Side The side of the Moon unseen from the Earth is called the far side. Since the moon … These older areas are covered with craters and were too high for the (12.) One of the discoveries of the first Lunar orbiters is that the far side has a very different appearance than the near side. In contrast, the Moon's surface is very old. t: They four largest moons of Jupiter are known as the Galitean Moons? The Late Heavy Bombardment (LHB), or lunar cataclysm, is a hypothesized event thought to have occurred approximately 4.1 to 3.8 billion years (Ga) ago, at a time corresponding to the Neohadean and Eoarchean eras on Earth. These Are Found on the Side of the Moon That. and revolution are similar in time, so the same side of the Moon always is seen from Earth. That is, if the highlands are 4 billion years old, the maria are "only" one billion. The Moon’s orbital period, the time needed to complete one full orbit, is 27.3 days. -iron core of earth forms. They are light in contrast to the moon's maria. Gravity. Therefore, are the lunar highlands (older or younger) than 3.2 - 3.8 billion years. Topographically the Moon is very different from Earth. Search. The lunar maria / ˈ m ɑːr i ə / (singular: mare / ˈ m ɑːr eɪ /) are large, dark, basaltic plains on Earth's Moon, formed by ancient volcanic eruptions. This is a list of maria (large, dark, basaltic plains) on the Moon.It includes other basaltic plains, including the one oceanus as well as features known by the names lacus, palus and sinus.The modern system of lunar nomenclature was introduced in 1651 by Giovanni Battista Riccioli. d. higher and older. These light and dark areas represent rocks of different composition and ages, which provide evidence for how the early crust may have crystallized from a lunar magma ocean. They are less reflective than the “highlands” as a result of their iron-rich composition, and hence appear dark to the naked eye. They are less reflective than the "highlands" as a result of their iron-rich composition, and hence appear dark to the naked eye. and (16.) c. at about the same level and age. which statement is NOT true about the moons of Mars? d. much hotter than anywhere on Earth. Earth, on the other hand, simply brushes these impact craters off and moves on with its … Topographically the Moon is very different from Earth. Faults in the highlands (3), parallel to some of the rilles, support the contention of structural origin for the rilles. Highlands: Maria: 31. Maria is stargazing with her grandmother. Our online moon trivia quizzes can be adapted to suit your requirements for taking some of the top moon quizzes. The highlands may be as much as 5 km above the mean radius of the Moon, whereas the maria lie almost 5 km below the mean radius. The highlands formed very early while the Moon’s surface was molten. In contrast to the highlands, most of the rocks collected on maria by the Apollo astronauts are actual basalts, not breccias composed of fragments of basalt. A comprehensive database of more than 25 moon quizzes online, test your knowledge with moon quiz questions. The Moon, like Earth, was formed about 4.5 billion year ago. Briefly describe the origin of the Moon. Earth and its satellite, the Moon, compare as in Table 1. Typically, there are 10 times more craters on the highlands than on a similar area of maria. At its greatest distance, it is 406,000 km away. quiz. From such a tremendous distance, the earth appears as a tiny bluish-white grain of sand lost in an ocean of black. Learn more about the Moon's phases The highlands are older than the visible maria, and hence are more heavily cratered. Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this comparison? Earth has weather, water, and plants. Are much denser b. The Moon’s heavily cratered highlands are made of rocks more than 4 billion years old. Test. The inner core is a solid mass about 480 km in diameter. Riccioli's map of the Moon was drawn by Francesco Maria Grimaldi, who has a crater named after him. The first image, showing highlands, was obtained by AMIE on 22 January 2006, from a distance of about 1112 kilometres from the surface, with a ground resolution of 100 metres per pixel. D) penumbra. The lunar highlands are older than the maria and are much more heavily cratered. From the highlands to the plains, the European Space Agency’s SMART-1 probe is giving scientists an up-close view of the dark and light areas on the Moon. A powerless Moon. Both the Maria and the Highlands exhibit large craters that are the result of meteor impacts. The Moon's surface is characterized by highlands and lowlands, mountains, and most notably, craters (bowl‐shaped cavities of meteoric origin). You can tell that the Maria are younger than the light colored regions because they have fewer craters. PLAY. Compared to the Jovian planets, the terrestrial planets: a. Log in Sign up. The moon's highlands are its old, mountainous regions. The moon and Earth were very hot shortly after the giant impact that formed the moon.The moon, being much smaller than Earth, cooled more quickly. The maria are darker than the highlands because (1) mare basalts are rich in iron-bearing minerals, (2) iron-bearing minerals are dark colored, and (3) plagioclase is light colored. Learn. Riccioli's map of the Moon was drawn by Francesco Maria Grimaldi, who has a crater named after him. Here are the top five features you can discover for yourself. f: Jupiter is the largest and most massive planet in the solar system? The far side of the moon has no 'face' because its thicker crust was thicker and thus less easily punctured by cosmic impacts long ago, a new study suggest. The lava resurfaced that part of the moon, obliterating any craters. The Moon's average density is 3 g/cm cubed, while the Earth has 5 g/cm cubed. (Pick the best answer.) Three processes help Earth keep its surface crater free. Part C The relative number of craters found in the maria and the highlands greatly differs. The highlands appear to have formed early in the moon’s history, when a magma ocean, shaped by tides caused by Earth’s gravity, heated the moon’s floating crust non-uniformly. Maria are; A) lunar highlands. Highlands vs. Lowlands Geologies. The light areas of the Moon are known as the highlands. The Moon has many surface features that we do not have on Earth. The dark features, called maria (Latin for seas), are impact basins that were filled with lava between 4.2 and 1.2 billion years ago. Highlands. The Moon’s core is small (about 20% of the Moons diameter) as opposed to other terrestrial worlds (like the Earth) with cores measuring closer to 50% of their diameters. Title: Earthshine on a Young Moon: Explaining the Lunar Farside Highlands Authors: Arpita Roy, Jason T. Wright, Steinn Sigurdsson; First Author’s Institution: Penn State University; You have only ever seen one side of the Moon. The French Revolution Had More Phases Than The Moon! The Moon’s rotational period, the time needed to complete one full rotation on its axis, is also 27.3 days. The following features can be identified on the Moon’s surface: Definition. Mercury's composition, in fact, may be 30 percent silicates. Sign in. Large asteroids supposedly struck the moon between 4.0 and 4.4 Ga, gouging out the mare basins. This moon has a diameter of 1948 km and a mass of 1.6 × 10 22 kg. The largest of these is Oceanus Procellarum, which lies on the west side of the Moon and is almost 2 km below nominal mean lunar radius. 32. When fully illuminated, the Moon’s geology is enhanced, especially the contrast between the ancient cratered highlands and the younger smoother maria. Here are the top five features you can discover for yourself. A comprehensive database of more than 25 moon quizzes online, test your knowledge with moon quiz questions. This is the Latin plural of mare (MAH-ray), which means "sea." Topics. B) seas of water on the moon. Astronomy . When the Moon is up in the evening, observe what phase (or . Now if we assume that the rate of meteor impacts on the moon's entire surface has been constant over the eons, this in turn means that the maria are one-fourth as old as the highlands. For example, the highland regions on the Moon have ten times the number of craters as the maria, but radioactive dating (explained in the next chapter) shows that the highlands are approximately 500 million years older than the maria, not ten times older. 2. Description (According to Dictionary.com) The Earth is the planet third in order from the sun, having an equatorial diameter of 7926 miles (12,755 km) and a polar diameter of 7900 miles (12,714 km), a mean distance from the sun of 92.9 million miles (149.6 million km), and a period of revolution of 365.26 days, having one natural satellite. Lunar maria primarily exist on the Moon's near side. Maria The ... Studies of the Moon's physical librations (small perturbations to its rotation) furthermore indicate that the core is still molten. The geology of the Moon (sometimes called selenology, although the latter term can refer more generally to "lunar science") is quite different from that of Earth.The Moon lacks a true atmosphere, which eliminates erosion due to weather.It does not have any known form of plate tectonics, it has a lower gravity, and because of its small size, it cooled faster. How are maria on the Moon similar to the Columbia Plateau in the Pacific Northwest? The Moon affects our daily lives in the form of raising the tides, and has been an instrument of navigation for sailors right up to the present day. c. the accelerations were the same. The Moon has a lunar (13.) (As the Moon has no water, its mean radius can be used as a reference level from which relative elevations or depressions can be measured). The Tides. Notice in Figure 4 that several of the large mare craters seem to be surrounded by white material and that the light streaks or rays that can stretch for hundreds of kilometers across the surface are clearly visible. 3. Briefly describe the origin of the Moon. Write. Like the moon, Mercury has a reflective surface; on the moon, this quality is traced to the presence of elements like aluminum and titanium. Definition. The full Moon, the most unique and recognizable sight in Earth's night sky, tells a remarkable story even to the naked eye. Earth is slightly larger than Venus and much larger than Mars: Term. Compare and contrast the Moon’s maria and highlands. Jupiter’s equator (and the orbital plane of its moons) are tilted with respect to Jupiter’s orbital path around the Sun by only 3 degrees (Earth is tilted 23.5 degrees). Mercury's crust also contains metals, including aluminum, though here enters one difference: Much of Mercury's metal exists in its dense iron core. Upgrade to remove ads . These are found on the side of the Moon that faces Earth, but not on the far side. Under the surface . The Moon's surface is characterized by highlands and lowlands, mountains, and most notably, craters (bowl‐shaped cavities of meteoric origin). Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The highlands consist primarily of anorthosite. B) umbra. How to use these cards: Print pages single-sided and fold in half. It finished its work in September of 1791 and forged a new permanent government, ... King Louis XVI and his wife Marie Antoinette were executed during this radical phase and the Revolution became violent. These act together to break apart and wear down the ground. 11 Compared to the rest of the Lunar surface, the Lunar Maria are a. lower and younger. 3. Seas of Lava. But following the night of each full moon, as the Moon orbits around Earth, we start to see less of the Moon lit by the Sun. When it was at half its present distance, how long was its period of revolution? This phase is called a new moon. It finished its work in September of 1791 and forged a new permanent government, ... King Louis XVI and his wife Marie Antoinette were executed during this radical phase and the Revolution became violent. The maria are the result of lava flows about 3 billion years ago. Only $1/month. The lunar maria are large, dark, basaltic plains on Earth’s Moon, formed by ancient volcanic eruptions. The Moon always shows Earth the same face. It may seem that on Earth we should feel the same gravitational force from the Sun anywhere on Earth, but in fact at noon we are 13,000 km closer to the Sun than near midnight when we are on the other side of the Earth. The lunar maria are large, dark, basaltic plains on Earth’s Moon, formed by ancient volcanic eruptions. This implies that the highlands are an old landform on the moon's surface. Most of the crust of the Moon (83%) consists of silicate rocks called anorthosites; these regions are known as the lunar highlands. The rate at which craters are formed decreases rapidly with increasing crater size. Beyond this simple picture, a fully self-consistent model of a planetary crust and its topography requires consideration of its loading history (i.e., where and when the loads were emplaced), the state of internal stresses (and failures) through time, and the potentially time-varying rheology of the relevant materials, within both the crust and the underlying mantle. 23. The first is called erosion. The Moon's maria and highlands can be described by the characteristics present in each. and revolution are similar in time, so the same side of the Moon always is seen from Earth. D) regions formed from huge lava flows. Our Moon is the brightest and most dominant object in the night sky and has influenced human culture throughout time. The dark features, called maria (Latin for seas), are impact basins that were filled with lava between 4.2 and 1.2 billion years ago. Much of the ground surface is exposed volcanic bedrock, some with thin and patchy layers of soil covering, in marked contrast with Earth, the Moon, and Mars. These create a set of 10 cards to use when observing an evening Moon with visitors of all ages. they are predominantly iron with a small amount of silicon dioxide : Term. Definition. Because the Moon has no atmosphere with which to destroy much of the incoming debris from outer space, such as meteorites and asteroids, the Moon’s surface is riddled with craters, highlands, and maria. These create a set of 10 cards to use when observing an evening Moon with visitors of all ages. shape) it is. This is a list of maria (large, dark, basaltic plains) on the Moon.It includes other basaltic plains, including the one oceanus as well as features known by the names lacus, palus and sinus.The modern system of lunar nomenclature was introduced in 1651 by Giovanni Battista Riccioli. 2. Multiple Choice . The moon's atmosphere may play a key role in a potential lunar water cycle, facilitating the transport of water molecules between polar and lower latitude areas. The high day-side temperatures and cold night-side temperatures on the Moon and Mercury result from the absence of significant heat conduction or atmospheric blanketing on the planet. The Moon orbits the Earth at an average distance of 384,400 kilometers. Question 62 . Log in Sign up. craters highlands The most distinctive aspect of the Moon is the contrast between its bright and dark zones. Earth. The Moon has a lunar (13.) What is its density? Its near side is marked by large dark plains (volcanic ‘maria’) that fill the spaces between the bright ancient crustal highlands and the prominent impact craters. This was followed by a period intense bombardment creating the lunar highlands. - if the mars-sized object has an iron core, most or all of it is left behind on earth, and merges with earth's core. The darkest part of the moon’s shadow is the; A) new moon. At that point, the far side of the Moon is facing the Sun. • Scientists believe that highlands are older landforms. 31. Surface features. A) Highlands B) Maria C) Craters D) Mountains E) Valleys. The Moon's orbit has an eccentricity of nearly 6%, which means its distance can vary by nearly 12% from perigee (the closest point in its orbit) to apogee (the furthest point in its orbit). Surrounding the solid inner core is a fluid outer core, that brings the total diameter of the core to about 660 km. The Maria are lower in altitude than the Highlands, but there is no water on the Moon so they are not literally seas ( Recent evidence from the Clementine spacecraft suggests that there may be some water on the Moon, contrary to previous assumptions). Compare and contrast the Moon’s maria and highlands. Moon. These older areas are covered with craters and were too high for the (12.) Day 7: Maria. Riccioli's map of the Moon was drawn by Francesco Maria Grimaldi, who has a crater named after him. e. higher and younger. There may be water molecules present in some locations on the moon. The Moon’s crust is more brittle than Earth’s b. Day 8: Geology Day 9: Mountains. Once something hits the Moon, that event becomes frozen in time. Our online moon trivia quizzes can be adapted to suit your requirements for taking some of the top moon quizzes. The basins lie at successively lower levels to the east, with Mare Smythii-the easternmost of the mare basins on the near side-lying almost 5 km below nominal lunar radius. These two images, taken by the advanced Moon Imaging Experiment (AMIE) on board ESA’s SMART-1 spacecraft, show the difference between lunar highlands and a mare area from close by. The light colored areas are highlands that are made of the original crust of the Moon. which of the following statements about the planetary feature known as Olympus Mons is true? Highlands and maria characterize the Moon’s surface. From 1996 to 1999, the Galileo spacecraft careered through the jovian system on a complex but carefully planned trajectory that provided repeated close encounters with the large Galilean moons. Yet the radioactive dating of highland samples showed that they are only a little older than the maria, typically 4.2 billion years rather than 3.8 billion years. The darker volcanic plains of the maria were erupted primarily between 3.3 and 3.8 billion years ago. Eventually erosion can break a crater down to virtually nothing. Our online moon trivia quizzes can be adapted to suit your requirements for taking some of the top moon quizzes. with several phases. 2The currently accepted theory of how the Moon formed is the a. co-formation theory.
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